Two Black Justices, Clarence Thomas and Ketanji Brown-Jackson faced-off in dueling opinions, with Thomas the oldest-serving Justice anchoring his argument on the idea that affirmative action stigmatizes Blacks and Hispanics. Brown Jackson, the newest Justice on the court argued that past injustices are yet to be corrected putting minority groups at a disadvantage and colleges should be permitted (not required) to use race as a factor for admission.